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Nicholas Alexios Alexis
Nicholas Alexios Alexis (1761-1818) was a key figure and a resistance leader in the independence struggle in Crete. He was born in Marmaketo , a village of Lassithi Plateau, in 1761 when Crete was part of the Ottoman sovereignty. He was a son of Alexios Alexis (1692-1786) and a grandson of the nobleman Misser Alexis (1637- ? ). Nicholas lived under Turkish domination; Crete was a territory of the Venetian Republic up to 1669 and an Ottoman territory thereafter.
==Early life==
His parents and the monks at Krustallenias〔Krustallenias Monastery () Lasithi Plateau〕 Monastery, near Marmaketo, were his first teachers, as there were no schools in Lasithi at that time. In 1780 the infamous and very wealthy Ottoman, Ali Chanialis, became “mukataa”-collector, i.e. the one who received one tenth of the produce as tax, or tithe. Chanialis sought to usurp the Lassithi Plateau as an hereditary fief.〔Chanialis Ali (Χανιαλής Αλή) put false witnesses, claimed by litigation the whole Lasithi Plateau, see Encyclopedias: 1. CHARI PATSI. 2. Encyclopedia HLIOS. 3. Encyclopedia YDRIA. ()〕 He forced oppressed taxpayer growers to pay to him greater “mukataa” amounts in produce and thus increased his wealth at the expense of the people and the Government of the Ottoman Empire.
Chanialis forced Nicholas to become the manager of his wealth and his “mukataa” dealings. He believed Nicholas to be the most appropriate candidate for the job. Although Nicholas flatly refused it, he finally succumbed to Chanialis’ demand and became both secretary and manager of the illegally collected taxes.
Chanialis also wanted Nicholas to become supervisor of his mansion in the village of Magoulas, where Chanialis was living and where people there knew of his rapacity, illegal omnipotence and sexual orgies. This mansion stands to this day, next to the village fountain.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Τα πρωτοβρόχια και η “βρύση του Χανιαλή” )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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